Search results for " Cranial"

Conservative vs. Surgical Management of Post-Traumatic Epidural Hematoma: A Case and Review of Literature

2015

Patient: Male, 30 Final Diagnosis: Acute epidural hematoma Symptoms: — Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Observation Specialty: Neurosurgery Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Trauma is the leading cause of death in people younger than 45 years and head injury is the main cause of trauma mortality. Although epidural hematomas are relatively uncommon (less than 1% of all patients with head injuries and fewer than 10% of those who are comatose), they should always be considered in evaluation of a serious head injury. Patients with epidural hematomas who meet surgical criteria and receive prompt surgical intervention can have an excellent prognosis, presumably owing to limited unde…

Unilateral laryngeal and hypoglossal paralysis (Tapia's syndrome) in a patient with an inflammatory pseudotumor of the neck

2012

Tapia’s syndrome (TS) is a rare condition thought tobe causedby njury to the extracranial course of both recurrent laryngeal branch f the vagal nerve and hypoglossal nerve. First described in 1904, t occurs with unilateral paralysis of the vocal cord and tongue, ith normal function of the soft palate. Commonly reported causes re direct trauma, neurofibromatosis of X and XII nerves, carotid rtery dissection involving the ascending pharyngeal artery, and isplacement of endotracheal tube during general anesthesia [1].

Fatal cranial injury in an individual from Messina (Sicily) during the times of the Roman Empire.

2013

Forensic and archaeological examinations of human skeletons can provide us with evidence of violence. In this paper, we present the patterns of two cranial lesions found on an adult male (T173) buried in a grave in the necropolis ‘Isolato 96’, Messina, Sicily, dating back to the Roman Empire (1st century BC - 1st century AD). The skull reveals two perimortem traumatic lesions, one produced by a sharp object on the right parietal bone and the other one on the left parietal bone, presumably the result of a fall. The interpretation of fracture patterns found in this cranium are an illustration of how forensic approaches can be applied with great benefit to archaeological specimens. 2013 Elsevi…

Morphological variability of Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic skulls from Sicily

2020

Scenarios for the dispersal of Homo sapiens in Southern Europe and in the Mediterranean basin have been uncertain, given the scarceness of osteological samples and the simplicity of the proposed archaeologically-based settlement hypotheses. According to available data, the first anatomically modern humans entered Sicily during the Late Pleistocene, coming from the Italian peninsula. A presumably small Late Epigravettian population colonised coastal sites. Later, North-Western archaeological horizons gave hospitality to a significant Mesolithic expansion. In order to verify a hypothesis of continuity in the peopling of the island, we analyzed Sicilian skulls from the Late Epigravettian site …

Endoscope-assisted Brain Surgery: Part 2—Analysis of 380 Procedures

1998

Objectives Microsurgical techniques and instruments that help to reduce intraoperative retraction of normal intracranial neuronal and vascular structures contribute to improved postoperative results. To achieve sufficient control of the operating field without retraction of neurovascular components, the resection of dura and bone edges is frequently required, which, on the other hand, increases operating time and operation-related trauma. The use of endoscopes may help to reduce retraction and, at the same time, may help to avoid additional dura and bone resection. The aim of this study is to describe the principles on which the technique of endoscope-assisted brain surgery is based, to giv…

Typical trigeminal neuralgia by an atypical compression: case report and review of the literature.

2014

Aim Trigeminal neuralgia is a disabling form of facial pain that causes a considerable discomfort and a marked reduction in the quality of life. Although neurovascular compression is often associated with trigeminal neuralgia, other intracranial pathologies can result in compression along the nerve. Case description The authors report a case of a patient suffering from a typical left trigeminal neuralgia affecting both the second and the third branches. Neuroradiological examinations showed the presence of an arachnoid cyst located in the left temporal lobe, contiguous with the Meckel's cave, eroding the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Following a meticulous decision-making process the p…

Influence of nerve branch of origin and extracanalicular extension of the tumor on hearing after middle fossa removal of vestibular schwannoma

2007

Neither nerve branch of origin nor extracanalicular (up to 1 cm) extension of a vestibular schwannoma (VS) influence the postoperative hearing outcome in patients operated via a middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach.To test whether the nerve branch of tumor origin and an extracanalicular, up to 1 cm, tumor extension influences hearing outcome after MCF VS surgery.This was a retrospective case review of 50 patients with postoperative pure-tone audiogram (PTA) performed later than 90 days after surgery. Twenty patients had a superior vestibular nerve (SVN) tumor and 27 patients had an inferior vestibular nerve (IVN) tumor. In three patients the nerve branch of origin of the VS could not be uneq…

Secondary thyroid carcinoma after treatment for childhood cancer

1998

Background Second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) have become a primary concern in evaluating long-term effects of treatment in pediatric oncology. Thyroid carcinoma has proven to be a common SMN. Methods. In a multicenter study involving 58 hospitals in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, 18 of 239 (7.5%) SMNs documented following first malignant neoplasm (FMN) in childhood were thyroid carcinoma. Results. The age at diagnosis of FMN ranged from 1 to 15 years. Eleven patients were female. Six children had survived Hodgkin disease, seven acute leukemia, two Ewing sarcoma and three various other tumors. Fifteen of the 18 patients had been treated with radiotherapy to the head and neck region. The t…

Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of a Schwannoma of the Anterior Cranial Fossa.

2020

Long-Lasting Cranial Nerve III Palsy as a Presenting Feature of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

2015

We describe a patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) in which an adduction deficit and ptosis in the left eye presented several years before the polyneuropathy. A 52-year-old man presented with a 14-year history of unremitting diplopia, adduction deficit, and ptosis in the left eye. At the age of 45 a mild bilateral foot drop and impaired sensation in the four limbs appeared, with these symptoms showing a progressive course. The diagnostic workup included EMG/ENG which demonstrated reduced conduction velocity with bilateral and symmetrical sensory and motor involvement. Cerebrospinal fluid studies revealed a cytoalbuminologic dissociation. A prolonged treatmen…